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The cuneiform Ri sign, or Re,〔Buccellati, Giorgio, (Ugarit-Forschungen 11, 1979). ''Comparative Graphemic Analysis of Old Babylonian and Western Akkadian'', pp. 95-100.〕 is found in both the 14th century BC Amarna letters and the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''; it is in the top 25 most used cuneiform signs (Buccellati, 1979) for ''ri'', or ''re'', but has other syllabic or alphabetic uses, as well as the sumerogram usage for ''RI'' (''Epic of Gilgamesh''). The ri (cuneiform) sign has the following uses in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'':〔Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh'', Sign List, pp. 155-165, no. 086, p. 156.〕 :dal :re :ri :tal :ṭal :RI (sumerogram usage) The specific usage numbers for the sign's meaning in the Epic is as follows: ''dal''-(4), ''re''-(56), ''ri''-(372), ''tal''-(70), ''ṭal''-(2), ''RI''-(1).〔Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh'', Sign List, pp. 155-165, no. 086, p. 156.〕 In the Amarna letters, ''ri'' also has a special usage when coupled with the naming of the Pharaoh, as "LUGAL-Ri". Lugal is the sumerogram translated in the Akkadian language to 'King', ''Sarru''. Thus in the Amarna letters, Lugal is used as a stand-alone, but sometimes supplemented with ''Ri'', and specifically used as sumerogram ''SÀR'' (an equivalent sumerogram to mean LUGAL) to be combined with ''RI'' to make ''sarru'' for king. ('The King', as an appellation is sometimes created by adding ma (cuneiform), suffix to the end of a name (Lugal-ma.) ==References== *Moran, William L. 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ISBN 0-8018-6715-0) * Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh'', Parpola, Simo, Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages. *Ugarit Forschungen (Neukirchen-Vluyn). UF-11 (1979) honors Claude Schaeffer, with about 100 articles in 900 pages. pp 95, ff, "Comparative Graphemic Analysis of Old Babylonian and Western Akkadian", author Giorgio Buccellati, ( i.e. Ugarit and Amarna (letters), three others, Mari, OB,Royal, OB,non-Royal letters). ---- File:|Amarna letter 365 (reverse, top half), Biridiya to Pharaoh, (subject corvee labor, and townsites: Shunama, Yapu, and Nuribta). The "alphabetic" ma sign is used in the 7th line (Line 21), for URU-(city)-Šu-na-ma-ki, sixth character from left. (text reads left-to-right, with a common signature of the right side of some characters ending in vertical single, or multiple strokes). (high resolution, expandible photo) File:|Isis Temple and Cheops Pyramid, from South Rim region 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ri (cuneiform)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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